File is accessible not password protected or encrypted. For example, in wheat higher heterosis is associated with crosses of more distantly related parents. An effort has been made in the present paper to critically assess the level of success and future strategies in the development and adoption of hybrid technology in selected field crops under three categories. Heterosis is prevalent for multiple traits in diverse.
Studies conducted at the international rice research institute irri during 1980 and 1981 have shown up to 73% heterosis, 59% heterobeltiosis and 34% standard heterosis for yield in rice. Wenn sie jedoch andere dateien konvertieren mochten, z. Gibberellins and heterosis of plant height in wheat. Studies have shown that the exploitation of heterosis has the potential to overcome the yield plateau in wheat. View pdf files in firefox firefox help mozilla support. Neely, assistant professor and extension small grains specialist paul a. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 183k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Durum wheat is an important crop for making pasta, bulgur. Heterosis for yield and yield components were studied in f 1, f 2 and f 3 generations in ten crosses of wheat, triticum aestivum l. Analysis of variance anova revealed the presence of significant variance due to general combining ability gca among the parents for all the traits, and. A quantitative genetic framework highlights the role of. Heterosis is the increase or decrease in vigour of hybrids when compared with that of its parents sharif et al. Genetic base of parents the manifestion of heterosis is affected by the genetic base of the parents.
Determination of heterosis and heterobeltiosis for plant height and spike grain weight of f1 generation in bread wheat shukri fetahu1, sali aliu1, imer rusinovci1, dukagjin zeka1, qendrim shabani1, hanspeter kaul2, fetah elezi3 1university of prishtina hasan prishtina, faculty of agriculture and veterinary, kosova. In this study, heterosis in plant height was determined in two wheat hybrids, and it was found that the increased elongation. Analysis of a large bread wheat genomic data set through a quantitative genetic framework designed to study the genetic basis of heterosis shows that hybrids outperform midparents in. Significant heterosis over economic parent and mid parent was observed for almost all the traits studied. Most documents on our website are posted in one or more of three formats. Request pdf estimation of heterosis and heterobeltiosis in wheat triticum aestivum l. Corn, grain sorghum, rice, oats, and rye are other examples of grains. Bread wheat is consumed in india mainly as chapatti. On the basis of divergence, ten accessions were selected and crossed in a diallel fashion without reciprocals to study the combining ability and heterosis. The study in general determined the heterosis and combining ability for yield and quality characteristics of chinese corn hybrids. In wheat freeman 14 first time described heterosis when he found taller f 1 than its tall parents. Although heterosis in wheat results in yield increases of 3.
Potentialities of heterosis breeding in wheat springerlink. Learn how to get pdf files to open in the firefox window and fix common problems like blank pages and files downloading instead of opening. Heterosis in wheat was first reported in 1919 by freeman. Bilddateien in pdf oder wenn sie zusatzliche einstellungen benotigen, konnen sie einen pdf. Pdf scout is a free validation software tool that will check your pdf files for the following. Wheat triticum aestivum l is the most extensively grown cereal crop in the world, covering about 237 million hectares annually, accounting for a total of 420 million tonnes isitor et al. Transcriptome analysis of rice root heterosis by rnaseq. Rahul singh rajput and vs kandalkar the present investigation was undertaken to study the combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and its components in f 1 generation of wheat through line x tester analysis. Various models have been posited to explain heterosis, including dominance, overdominance, and pseudooverdominance. In this perspective, we consider that it might be useful to the field to abandon these.
Heterosis breeding and inbreeding depression authorstream. Rahul sr department of genetics and plant breeding. Wheat blast disease caused by pyricularia grisea telemorph magnaporthe grisea has become a serious restriction on increasing the area and. Adobe reader is free software that lets you view and print adobe portable document format pdf files. Ir36 and ir42 yield 45 tha in wet season trials and 78 tha in dry season trials.
The cultivation of wheat dates back to more than 5000 years back. The present investigation entitled evaluation for heterosis and combining ability in wheat triticum aestivum l. Heterosis and combining ability analysis were studied in a 7 x 7 diallel set of bread wheat. Introduction durum wheat or macaroni wheat is the only tetraploid species of wheat of commercial importance that is widely cultivated today and in turkey. To access pdf files you need adobe reader installed. Durum wheat, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, correlation, path analysis. Heterosis is a phenomenon in which hybrids exhibit superior performance relative to parental phenotypes. Estimation of heterosis, correlation and path analysis for. Pdf analysis of heterosis and combining ability in bread. Change text and images quickly and easily in pdf documents. Other wheat classes include soft red winter, grown east of the mississippi river, and hard white wheat, which is used to make many whole wheat products.
Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Male sterility is an essential trait in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops, including wheat. Pdf estimation of heterosis and combining abilities of. Spring wheat variety trial results ndsu agriculture. Largescale biology article mrna and small rna transcriptomes reveal insights into dynamic homoeolog regulation of allopolyploid heterosis in nascent hexaploid wheatw open ailili,a,1 dengcai liu,b,1 jun wu,c,1 xubo zhao,a ming hao,b shuaifeng geng,a jun yan,c xiaoxue jiang,c lianquan zhang,b junyan wu,a lingjie yin,a rongzhi zhang,a liang wu,a youliang zheng,b and long maoa,2. Heterosis and combining ability analysis in bread wheat. Combining ability and heterosis for morphophysiological. However, the molecular basis for the increased internode elongation in hybrids is unknown. Workshop since the initiation ofthe cooperative statefederal hard red winter wheat investigations in 1929. Wheat produces a seed that is commonly called a kernel. Estimation of heterosis in wheat triticum aestivum l. The two best crosses excelled the high parent and the standard variety by a significant margin. Pdf hybrid performance and heterosis in spring bread.
Heterosis and combining ability analysis were studied in a 7. The heterosis studies are useful for the evaluation of newly developed lines for their parental usefulness. The study objectives were to predict the performance of wheat varieties in hybrid combinations through diallel crosses, to work out the heterosis and combining ability in f 1 generation, and to evaluate the type of gene action involved in yield and its primary components in hexaploid wheat. Various models have been posited to explain heterosis, including dominance. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Iron biofortification of wheat, instead of supplementation and food fortification, provides a pragmatic approach to solve the problem of iron deficiency. Springer3 1usdaars, plant genetics research unit, and division of plant sciences, university of missouri, columbia, missouri, united states of america, 2usdaars, u. Heterosis is the manifestation of heterozygosity expressed as increased vigour, size, fruitfulness and resistance to disease, insects or climatic extremes relative to either the highparent or the midparent value. Heterosis for some physiomorphological plant traits in. Facebook allows its members to attach and upload pdf files.
Manipulation of heterosis is an important strategy for increasing the yield potential of wheat rauf et al. Combining ability and heterosis for morphophysiological characters on bread wheat triticum aestivum l. The latter was estimated in comparison to commercial varieties. Commercial utilization of heterosis was suggested by briggle 15.
Lerne, wie du mit adobe acrobat zwei pdfdateien miteinander vergleichst. Heterosis or hybrid vigor is a natural phenomenon whereby hybrid offspring of genetically diverse individuals display improved physical and functional characteristics relative to their parents. Of these 314 were bread wheat, 49 durum wheat and 5 dicoccum wheat besides 3 triticales. Heterosis provides an important strategy for increasing crop yield, and breeding and adoption of hybrid crops is a feasible way to increase crop yields. I wish to import a pdf file to accompany my post in facebook.
Pant university of agriculture and technology, pantnagar during rabi, 2014. Estimation of heterosis and combining abilities of us winter wheat germplasm for hybrid development in texas article pdf available in crop science december 2019 with 68 reads. Heterosis is prevalent for multiple traits in diverse maize germplasm sherry a. It is observed by many researchers that positive heterosis is important in some plant traits like grain. Farisb adepartment of molecular genetics and cell biology, the university of chicago, chicago, il 60637. Heterosis is directly proportional to the number of dominant genes contributed by each parent 18. Pdf heterosis and combining ability analysis in bread. Heterosis refers to the phenomenon that progeny of diverse varieties of a species or crosses between species exhibit greater biomass, speed of development, and fertility than both parents. It was first observed by englendow and pal for grain yield in 1934 and subsequently by other workers. Heterosis in internode elongation and plant height are commonly observed in hybrid plants, and higher gas contents were found to be correlated with the heterosis in plant height. Eighty and 60% f 1 hybrids exceeded the high parent and standard variety to the extent of 44. Heterosis in wheat was observed approximately 100 y ago. Superiority of dominant alleles over recessive alleles 3. Analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variance due to gca among the parent for all.
The heterosis, heterobeltiosis, general combining ability gca and specific combining ability sca were examined during rabi crop season of 202014 in hexaploid wheat genotypes. Heterosis and combining ability for yield and quality. Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and its attributing traits in bread wheat triticum aestivum l. It comes from a type of grass triticum that is grown in countless varieties worldwide. Hybrid performance and heterosis in spring bread wheat, and their relations to ssrbased genetic distances and coefficients of parentage.
Heterosis and combining ability analysis in bread wheat triticum aestivum l. In addition to the heterosis of aboveground agronomic traits on which most existing studies have focused, root heterosis is also an indispensable component of heterosis in the entire plant and of major importance to plant breeding. Learn how to edit pdf files using adobe acrobat dc. One f1 common wheat hybrid zlatna dolina x primepi which had exhibited significant heterosis in a previous study was compared with 32 f7 lines selected from the same cross. Commentary rewiring the wheat reproductive system to harness heterosis for the next wave of yield improvement piotr gornickia,1 and justin d. Estimation of heterosis and heterobeltiosis in wheat.
The commercial exploitation of heterosis in wheat has limited application because. In this study, 144 diverse wheat genotypes were evaluated for grain iron and yield potential, to estimate the potential for the iron biofortification of high. The breeding material was comprised of four parents. The present investigation was carried out to generate information on heterosis, combining ability and gene action for yield and its components in bread wheat triticum aestivum l. Heterosis is due to masking of deleterious recessive alleles by dominant alleles 4. Pdf combining ability and heterosis analysis for yield. Divergence of 25 accessions of brassica juncea of indian, cis commonwealth of independent states, former ussr and synthetic origin was studied by d 2 analysis. Estimation of heterosis in different crosses of bread. The study revealed good scope for commercial exploitation of heterosis as well as isolation of pure lines among the progenies of heterotic f1s for improvement of yield level in bread wheat. The aim of heterosis is to exploit increased vigour in selfpollinated crops like wheat in order to getting increased yield. Commentary rewiring the wheat reproductive system to. Wheat ms2 encodes for an orphan protein that confers male. Heterosis has been increasingly applied in crop production for nearly a century, with the aim of developing more vigorous, higher yielding and better performing cultivars.
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